Can culture be copyrighted ? Commentaries. Author's reply
Identifieur interne : 00CC79 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 00CC78; suivant : 00CC80Can culture be copyrighted ? Commentaries. Author's reply
Auteurs : M. F. Brown [États-Unis] ; J. A. Barnes [Australie] ; D. A. Cleveland [États-Unis] ; R. J. Coombe [Canada] ; P. Descola [France] ; L. R. Hiatt [Royaume-Uni] ; J. Jackson [États-Unis] ; B. G. Karlsson [Suède] ; D. A. Posey [Royaume-Uni] ; W. R. Powers [États-Unis] ; L. Rosen [États-Unis] ; F. Santos Granero [Panama] ; C. Severi [France] ; D. J. Jr Stephenson [États-Unis] ; M. Strathern [Royaume-Uni] ; D. Tuzin [États-Unis]Source :
- Current anthropology [ 0011-3204 ] ; 1998.
Descripteurs français
- Pascal (Inist)
- Wicri :
- topic : Ethnographie, Xénophobie.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
Abstract
The digital revolution has dramatically increased the ability of individuals and corporations to appropriate and profit from the cultural knowledge of indigenous peoples, which is largely unprotected by existing intellectual property law. In response, legal scholars, anthropologists, and native activists now propose new legal regimes designed to defend indigenous cultures by radically expanding the notion of copyright. Unfortunately, these proposals are often informed by romantic assumptions that ignore the broader crisis of intellectual property and the already imperiled status of the public domain. This essay offers a skeptical assessment of legal schemes to control cultural appropriation-in particular, proposals that indigenous peoples should be permitted to copyright ideas rather than their tangible expression and that such protections should exist in perpetuity. Also examined is the pronounced tendency of intellectual property debate to preempt urgently needed reflection on the political viability of special-rights regimes in pluralist democracies and on the appropriateness of using copyright law to enforce respect for other cultures.
Affiliations:
- Australie, Canada, France, Panama, Royaume-Uni, Suède, États-Unis
- Angleterre, Angleterre de l'Est, Californie, East Middle Sweden, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Ontario, Oxfordshire, Svealand, Île-de-France
- Cambridge, Cambridge (Massachusetts), Oxford, Paris, Princeton (New Jersey), San Diego, Toronto, Uppsala
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Université d'Oxford, Université d'Uppsala, Université de Cambridge, Université de Princeton, Université de Toronto
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<record><TEI><teiHeader><fileDesc><titleStmt><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Can culture be copyrighted ? Commentaries. Author's reply</title><author><name sortKey="Brown, M F" sort="Brown, M F" uniqKey="Brown M" first="M. F." last="Brown">M. F. Brown</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Williams College</s1><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Williams College</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barnes, J A" sort="Barnes, J A" uniqKey="Barnes J" first="J. A." last="Barnes">J. A. Barnes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Sociology Program, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University</s1><s2>Canberra, A.C.T. 0200</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Canberra, A.C.T. 0200</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cleveland, D A" sort="Cleveland, D A" uniqKey="Cleveland D" first="D. A." last="Cleveland">D. A. Cleveland</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Anthropology, University of California</s1><s2>Santa Barbara, Calif. 93106-3210</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Santa Barbara, Calif. 93106-3210</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coombe, R J" sort="Coombe, R J" uniqKey="Coombe R" first="R. J." last="Coombe">R. J. Coombe</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Faculty of Law, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ont., M5S 2C5</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Descola, P" sort="Descola, P" uniqKey="Descola P" first="P." last="Descola">P. Descola</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hiatt, L R" sort="Hiatt, L R" uniqKey="Hiatt L" first="L. R." last="Hiatt">L. R. Hiatt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s2>79 Addison Way, London NW11 6AR</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>79 Addison Way, London NW11 6AR</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, J" sort="Jackson, J" uniqKey="Jackson J" first="J." last="Jackson">J. Jackson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Anthropology Program, MIT</s1><s2>Cambridge, Mass. 02139</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge (Massachusetts)</settlement><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karlsson, B G" sort="Karlsson, B G" uniqKey="Karlsson B" first="B. G." last="Karlsson">B. G. Karlsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Seminar for Development Studies, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 514</s1><s2>751 20 Uppsala</s2><s3>SWE</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Suède</country><wicri:noRegion>751 20 Uppsala</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université d'Uppsala</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Uppsala</settlement><region nuts="1">Svealand</region><region nuts="1">East Middle Sweden</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posey, D A" sort="Posey, D A" uniqKey="Posey D" first="D. A." last="Posey">D. A. Posey</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>Centre for the Environment, Ethics, and Society, Mansfield College, University of Oxford</s1><s2>Oxford</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Powers, W R" sort="Powers, W R" uniqKey="Powers W" first="W. R." last="Powers">W. R. Powers</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico</s1><s2>Albuquerque, N.M. 87131</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Albuquerque, N.M. 87131</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosen, L" sort="Rosen, L" uniqKey="Rosen L" first="L." last="Rosen">L. Rosen</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Department of Anthropology, Princeton University</s1><s2>Princeton, N.J. 08544-1011</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Princeton (New Jersey)</settlement><region type="state">New Jersey</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Princeton</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Santos Granero, F" sort="Santos Granero, F" uniqKey="Santos Granero F" first="F." last="Santos Granero">F. Santos Granero</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 2072</s1><s2>Balboa</s2><s3>PAN</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Panama</country><wicri:noRegion>Balboa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Severi, C" sort="Severi, C" uniqKey="Severi C" first="C." last="Severi">C. Severi</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Sociale, 52, rue de Cardinal-Lemoine</s1><s2>75005 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stephenson, D J Jr" sort="Stephenson, D J Jr" uniqKey="Stephenson D" first="D. J. Jr" last="Stephenson">D. J. Jr Stephenson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s2>3888 W. Grambling Dr., Denver, Colo. 80236-2444</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>14 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>3888 W. Grambling Dr., Denver, Colo. 80236-2444</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strathern, M" sort="Strathern, M" uniqKey="Strathern M" first="M." last="Strathern">M. Strathern</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="15"><s1>Department of Anthropology, University of Cambridge</s1><s2>Cambridge CB2 3FR</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tuzin, D" sort="Tuzin, D" uniqKey="Tuzin D" first="D." last="Tuzin">D. Tuzin</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="16"><s1>Department of Anthropology, University of California, San Diego</s1><s2>La Jolla, Calif. 92093-0532</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>16 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">San Diego</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno><idno type="inist">529-98-11590</idno><date when="1998">1998</date><idno type="stanalyst">FRANCIS 529-98-11590 INIST</idno><idno type="RBID">Francis:529-98-11590</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">006880</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">005F39</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">006482</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">006482</idno><idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0011-3204:1998:Brown M:can:culture:be</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">00DD69</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">00CC79</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">00CC79</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Can culture be copyrighted ? Commentaries. Author's reply</title><author><name sortKey="Brown, M F" sort="Brown, M F" uniqKey="Brown M" first="M. F." last="Brown">M. F. Brown</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Williams College</s1><s3>USA</s3><sZ>1 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Williams College</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Barnes, J A" sort="Barnes, J A" uniqKey="Barnes J" first="J. A." last="Barnes">J. A. Barnes</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Sociology Program, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University</s1><s2>Canberra, A.C.T. 0200</s2><s3>AUS</s3><sZ>2 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Australie</country><wicri:noRegion>Canberra, A.C.T. 0200</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Cleveland, D A" sort="Cleveland, D A" uniqKey="Cleveland D" first="D. A." last="Cleveland">D. A. Cleveland</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Department of Anthropology, University of California</s1><s2>Santa Barbara, Calif. 93106-3210</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>3 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Santa Barbara, Calif. 93106-3210</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Coombe, R J" sort="Coombe, R J" uniqKey="Coombe R" first="R. J." last="Coombe">R. J. Coombe</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Faculty of Law, University of Toronto</s1><s2>Toronto, Ont., M5S 2C5</s2><s3>CAN</s3><sZ>4 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Canada</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Toronto</settlement><region type="state">Ontario</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Toronto</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Descola, P" sort="Descola, P" uniqKey="Descola P" first="P." last="Descola">P. Descola</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales</s1><s2>Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>5 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region">Île-de-France</region><region type="old region">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Hiatt, L R" sort="Hiatt, L R" uniqKey="Hiatt L" first="L. R." last="Hiatt">L. R. Hiatt</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s2>79 Addison Way, London NW11 6AR</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>6 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:noRegion>79 Addison Way, London NW11 6AR</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Jackson, J" sort="Jackson, J" uniqKey="Jackson J" first="J." last="Jackson">J. Jackson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Anthropology Program, MIT</s1><s2>Cambridge, Mass. 02139</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>7 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge (Massachusetts)</settlement><region type="state">Massachusetts</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Massachusetts Institute of Technology</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Karlsson, B G" sort="Karlsson, B G" uniqKey="Karlsson B" first="B. G." last="Karlsson">B. G. Karlsson</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>Seminar for Development Studies, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 514</s1><s2>751 20 Uppsala</s2><s3>SWE</s3><sZ>8 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Suède</country><wicri:noRegion>751 20 Uppsala</wicri:noRegion><orgName type="university">Université d'Uppsala</orgName><placeName><settlement type="city">Uppsala</settlement><region nuts="1">Svealand</region><region nuts="1">East Middle Sweden</region></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Posey, D A" sort="Posey, D A" uniqKey="Posey D" first="D. A." last="Posey">D. A. Posey</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>Centre for the Environment, Ethics, and Society, Mansfield College, University of Oxford</s1><s2>Oxford</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>9 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="comté" nuts="2">Oxfordshire</region><settlement type="city">Oxford</settlement></placeName><orgName type="university">Université d'Oxford</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Powers, W R" sort="Powers, W R" uniqKey="Powers W" first="W. R." last="Powers">W. R. Powers</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>Department of Anthropology, University of New Mexico</s1><s2>Albuquerque, N.M. 87131</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>10 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>Albuquerque, N.M. 87131</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Rosen, L" sort="Rosen, L" uniqKey="Rosen L" first="L." last="Rosen">L. Rosen</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Department of Anthropology, Princeton University</s1><s2>Princeton, N.J. 08544-1011</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>11 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Princeton (New Jersey)</settlement><region type="state">New Jersey</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Princeton</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Santos Granero, F" sort="Santos Granero, F" uniqKey="Santos Granero F" first="F." last="Santos Granero">F. Santos Granero</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, P.O. Box 2072</s1><s2>Balboa</s2><s3>PAN</s3><sZ>12 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Panama</country><wicri:noRegion>Balboa</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Severi, C" sort="Severi, C" uniqKey="Severi C" first="C." last="Severi">C. Severi</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>Laboratoire d'Anthropologie Sociale, 52, rue de Cardinal-Lemoine</s1><s2>75005 Paris</s2><s3>FRA</s3><sZ>13 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>France</country><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Île-de-France</region><settlement type="city">Paris</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stephenson, D J Jr" sort="Stephenson, D J Jr" uniqKey="Stephenson D" first="D. J. Jr" last="Stephenson">D. J. Jr Stephenson</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s2>3888 W. Grambling Dr., Denver, Colo. 80236-2444</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>14 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><wicri:noRegion>3888 W. Grambling Dr., Denver, Colo. 80236-2444</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Strathern, M" sort="Strathern, M" uniqKey="Strathern M" first="M." last="Strathern">M. Strathern</name><affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="15"><s1>Department of Anthropology, University of Cambridge</s1><s2>Cambridge CB2 3FR</s2><s3>GBR</s3><sZ>15 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>Royaume-Uni</country><placeName><settlement type="city">Cambridge</settlement><region type="country">Angleterre</region><region type="région" nuts="1">Angleterre de l'Est</region></placeName><orgName type="university">Université de Cambridge</orgName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Tuzin, D" sort="Tuzin, D" uniqKey="Tuzin D" first="D." last="Tuzin">D. Tuzin</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="16"><s1>Department of Anthropology, University of California, San Diego</s1><s2>La Jolla, Calif. 92093-0532</s2><s3>USA</s3><sZ>16 aut.</sZ></inist:fA14><country>États-Unis</country><placeName><settlement type="city">San Diego</settlement><region type="state">Californie</region></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j" type="main">Current anthropology</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Curr. anthropol.</title><idno type="ISSN">0011-3204</idno><imprint><date when="1998">1998</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Current anthropology</title><title level="j" type="abbreviated">Curr. anthropol.</title><idno type="ISSN">0011-3204</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Authenticity</term><term>Cultural claim</term><term>Cultural property</term><term>Cultural property restitution</term><term>Deontology</term><term>Ethics</term><term>Ethnic minority</term><term>Ethnocide</term><term>Ethnography</term><term>Ethnological inheritance</term><term>Indigenism</term><term>Legal anthropology</term><term>Museology</term><term>Post-Modernism</term><term>Rights of Indigenous Peoples</term><term>Xenophobia</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Droits des Peuples Autochtones</term><term>Anthropologie juridique</term><term>Propriété culturelle</term><term>Revendication culturelle</term><term>Restitution des biens culturels</term><term>Muséologie</term><term>Post-modernisme</term><term>Ethique</term><term>Déontologie</term><term>Ethnographie</term><term>Indigénisme</term><term>Patrimoine ethnologique</term><term>Minorité ethnique</term><term>Authenticité</term><term>Ethnocide</term><term>Xénophobie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Ethnographie</term><term>Xénophobie</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The digital revolution has dramatically increased the ability of individuals and corporations to appropriate and profit from the cultural knowledge of indigenous peoples, which is largely unprotected by existing intellectual property law. In response, legal scholars, anthropologists, and native activists now propose new legal regimes designed to defend indigenous cultures by radically expanding the notion of copyright. Unfortunately, these proposals are often informed by romantic assumptions that ignore the broader crisis of intellectual property and the already imperiled status of the public domain. This essay offers a skeptical assessment of legal schemes to control cultural appropriation-in particular, proposals that indigenous peoples should be permitted to copyright ideas rather than their tangible expression and that such protections should exist in perpetuity. Also examined is the pronounced tendency of intellectual property debate to preempt urgently needed reflection on the political viability of special-rights regimes in pluralist democracies and on the appropriateness of using copyright law to enforce respect for other cultures.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Australie</li><li>Canada</li><li>France</li><li>Panama</li><li>Royaume-Uni</li><li>Suède</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>Angleterre</li><li>Angleterre de l'Est</li><li>Californie</li><li>East Middle Sweden</li><li>Massachusetts</li><li>New Jersey</li><li>Ontario</li><li>Oxfordshire</li><li>Svealand</li><li>Île-de-France</li></region><settlement><li>Cambridge</li><li>Cambridge (Massachusetts)</li><li>Oxford</li><li>Paris</li><li>Princeton (New Jersey)</li><li>San Diego</li><li>Toronto</li><li>Uppsala</li></settlement><orgName><li>Massachusetts Institute of Technology</li><li>Université d'Oxford</li><li>Université d'Uppsala</li><li>Université de Cambridge</li><li>Université de Princeton</li><li>Université de Toronto</li></orgName></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><noRegion><name sortKey="Brown, M F" sort="Brown, M F" uniqKey="Brown M" first="M. F." last="Brown">M. F. Brown</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Cleveland, D A" sort="Cleveland, D A" uniqKey="Cleveland D" first="D. A." last="Cleveland">D. A. Cleveland</name><name sortKey="Jackson, J" sort="Jackson, J" uniqKey="Jackson J" first="J." last="Jackson">J. Jackson</name><name sortKey="Powers, W R" sort="Powers, W R" uniqKey="Powers W" first="W. R." last="Powers">W. R. Powers</name><name sortKey="Rosen, L" sort="Rosen, L" uniqKey="Rosen L" first="L." last="Rosen">L. Rosen</name><name sortKey="Stephenson, D J Jr" sort="Stephenson, D J Jr" uniqKey="Stephenson D" first="D. J. Jr" last="Stephenson">D. J. Jr Stephenson</name><name sortKey="Tuzin, D" sort="Tuzin, D" uniqKey="Tuzin D" first="D." last="Tuzin">D. Tuzin</name></country><country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Barnes, J A" sort="Barnes, J A" uniqKey="Barnes J" first="J. A." last="Barnes">J. A. Barnes</name></noRegion></country><country name="Canada"><region name="Ontario"><name sortKey="Coombe, R J" sort="Coombe, R J" uniqKey="Coombe R" first="R. J." last="Coombe">R. J. Coombe</name></region></country><country name="France"><region name="Île-de-France"><name sortKey="Descola, P" sort="Descola, P" uniqKey="Descola P" first="P." last="Descola">P. Descola</name></region><name sortKey="Severi, C" sort="Severi, C" uniqKey="Severi C" first="C." last="Severi">C. Severi</name></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hiatt, L R" sort="Hiatt, L R" uniqKey="Hiatt L" first="L. R." last="Hiatt">L. R. Hiatt</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Posey, D A" sort="Posey, D A" uniqKey="Posey D" first="D. A." last="Posey">D. A. Posey</name><name sortKey="Strathern, M" sort="Strathern, M" uniqKey="Strathern M" first="M." last="Strathern">M. Strathern</name></country><country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="Karlsson, B G" sort="Karlsson, B G" uniqKey="Karlsson B" first="B. G." last="Karlsson">B. G. Karlsson</name></region></country><country name="Panama"><noRegion><name sortKey="Santos Granero, F" sort="Santos Granero, F" uniqKey="Santos Granero F" first="F." last="Santos Granero">F. Santos Granero</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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